There is no mechanism by which OTA television can surveil you.

I don’t pay for cable.

I get 117 over the air television stations In Chicago, I could get more with a better antenna.
They receive ZERO data about me or my watching habits, no way to steal it.

You can call the cover price on a physical newspaper or magazine a paywall but it’s a bit odd…

You caused a bunch of good discussion, you can be wrong, but it’s not bad to be wrong and learn from it.

OTA tv would no longer be possible, nor radio AM or FM.
Newspapers (what is left of them) would no longer be possible, neither wouild magazines.
A good deal of the internet is supported by ads too.
If you are willing to give up everything that is supported by ads, I suppose it could work.